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Predictors of Arab American Adolescent Tobacco Use.
by Rice VH, Weglicki LS, Templin TArticle Abstract:
This study examined personal, psychosocial, sociocultural, and environmental predictors in tobacco use for 1671 Arab American adolescents. Cigarette smoking in past 30 days was 6.9%. This increased from 1% at age 14 to 14% at age 18. Twenty-nine percent of the youths reported 'ever cigarette smoking.' Experimentation with narghile was 27%; it increased from 23% at 14 years to 40% at 18 years. All trends were significant (p < .001). Logistic regression analyses found ten predictors for 'smoked a cigarette in past 30 days' and nine and seven, respectively, for 'ever smoked a cigarette or narghile'. Friends and family members smoking were the strongest predictors of cigarette smoking and 'ever narghile use.' 'Ever narghile use' supported cigarette smoking.
Is Hookah (Narghile, Shisha) Smoking a Gateway to Cigarette Smoking ?
By: Anonymous - Thu 9/13/2007 AMThat hookah (narghile, shisha) smoking would be a “gateway†to cigarette smoking is a serious hypothesis that needs a not less serious and sound methodology to demonstrate it is true.
The first results by Rice and colleagues on this point [1] have been widely advertised whereas their survey was based questionnaires that were not validated for hookah smoking. The version they have “adapted†for the latter (from “tobacco questionnairesâ€) were never published. In these conditions, and given the growing importance of the issue, I urge the authors to make these documents open for scrutiny. Time is ripe for a change in this field since a promising original approach was developed by a team in the United Kingdom [2][3].
Finally, the use of the neologism “waterpipe†(fortunately not used by Rice and colleagues), apart from the great confusion (scientific nominalism) it has created in recent years, is definitely not appropriate for questionnaires in a language like Arabic (and many others) simply because it can only be rendered by vernacular or national names: hookah, shisha, narghile, for instance [4].
Thank you for your attention.
Dr Kamal T. Chaouachi Researcher and Consultant in Tobacco Control (Paris) Teacher of a Comprehensive Course on Hookah (Narghile, Shisha) Smoking for French Doctors (University of Paris XI-XII) ________ References:
[1] Rice VH, Weglicki LS, Templin T, Hammad A, Jamil H, Kulwicki A. Predictors of Arab American adolescent tobacco use. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly 2006;52: 327-42.
[2] Hanna L, Hunt S, Bhopal RS. Cross-cultural adaptation of a tobacco questionnaire for Punjabi,Cantonese, Urdu and Sylheti speakers: qualitative research for better clinical practice, cessation services and research . Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 2006;60:1034-1039.
[3] Chaouachi K. Rapid Response: Hookah Smoking: A Few Comments on Some Errors and Misconceptions. A critical analysis of: Gatrad R, Gatrad A, Sheikh A. Hookah smoking. BMJ 2007 Jul 7;335(7609):20. http://www.bmj.com/cgi/eletters/335/7609/20#1...
[4] Chaouachi K. E-Letter to the Editor: Syria, Lebanon, Tobacco Research in General and Narghile (Hookah, Shisha) Smoking in Particular. Tobacco Control 2006 (8 June). A critical analysis of the following study: Ward KD, Eissenberg T, Rastam S, Asfar T, Mzayek F, Fouad MF, Hammal F,Mock J, Maziak W. The tobacco epidemic in Syria. Tobacco Control 2006;15;24-29. http://tc.bmjjournals.com/cgi/eletters/15/sup...